The gene theory is one
of the fundamental principles of biology. It says that individual characteristics
are transferred from parents to offspring during gene transmission. Genes are
placed on chromosomes and comprise of DNA.
This principle of
heredity was introduced by Gregor Mendel in the year 1860 and is also known as
the law of independent assortment or Mendel`s law of segregation.
A genetic disease is
one which is transferred from one or both of one’s parents to one or more of
their children. It is caused by the presence of specific abnormalities or
mutations in their genes.
Genetic diseases are
also known as hereditary or family diseases. Some of the genetic diseases can
easily be identified at birth but others can take a few more years to be
diagnosed.
The most common genetic
disease are Haemophilia, Sickle Cell Anemia, Cystic Fibrosis, Fragile X
Syndrome, Thalassaemia, and Diabetes.
Genetic diseases can be
diagnosed by the genetic test of blood and various tissues.
Some of these genetic
diseases, when left untreated, can lead to serious complications. Various techniques
and strategies have been adopted for the treatment of these disorders like
genetic therapy or changing of the genes within the human body.
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